Reproductive Autonomy (pp. 834–844, 859–871)

On Sterilization/Right to Procreate

The Old Rule: the government could infringe upon citizens' abilities to procreate.

  • This was held in Buck v. Bell, where the Court held that a person's right to procreate can be sacrificed for the public good.
    • "Three generations of imbeciles is enough."
    • Heavy in the eugenics era.
      The Modern Rule: procreation is a fundamental right.
  • See Skinner v. Oklahoma ex rel. Williamson.

On Contraception

General Rule: The government cannot prohibit or regulate contraceptive use by married couples, as that creates an invasion of privacy. From Griswold v. Connecticut.

  • Used a "penumbra" analysis. This "penumbra" analysis has been largely abandoned by the Supreme Court in practice.
    Furtherance: State governments cannot outlaw contraception use for single people but allow it for married couples.
  • See Eisenstadt v. Baird.
    Standard of Review: Any challenge to a state action upon contraception is reviewed under strict scrutiny. See Carey v. Population Services International.

On Abortion

Old Rule: Roe v. Wade held in 1973 that abortion is a fundamental right under the 14th Amendment's Substantive Due Process protection of the broad "right to privacy."

Cases Here: