Amendment to the Pleadings
Authorities: Fed. R. Civ. P. 15
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Governed by Rule 15.
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Discovery can change the material facts, and, thus, the allegations that the parties want to plead.
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The complaint, answer, reply, and their amendments are the running list of what facts and allegations are in dispute.
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Rule 15 can be confusing because 15(a) and 15(c) are treated/written together.
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The Questions Here:
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Do you allow the amendment?
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Is the amendment permissible?
Do You Allow the Amendment?
Amending as a Matter of Course
- Allows amendments during the early periods of pre-answer and pre-reply—within the original timeline. This is meant to fix small mistakes.
Amending with Leave of Opposing Counsel
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Opposing counsel allows for amendmnt of the pleading.
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This happens largely because the amended complaint would be better for the opposing counsel/easier to litigate.
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Can also grant leave to curry favor with the court as a matter of trial strategy.
Amending with Leave of Court
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FRCP 15(a)(2) allows for this "when justice so required."
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See Beeck v. Aquaslide 'N' Dive Corp.
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Amendments inherently disadvantage the other side; however, when justice so requires, the courts are obligated to give leave to amend.
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Aquaslide actually belived it was their slide that injured Beeck until after the Statute of Limitations had lapsed.
- If the amendment was denied, then Aquaslide would actually be stuck with a pleading that they no longer believed.
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